The laundry hangs on the clothesline in the background, while Alistair MacLeod speaks to his wife Anita about what their life was like when the kids were young.
It’s there, in the film “Reading Alistair MacLeod”, that I see Anita patiently waiting, while he pulls out a small stack of photographs from his wallet—the kind of group photographs that might have been taken in a department store studio.
Alistair and Anita are sitting on the stoop, in front of their house in Cape Breton (Nova Scotia, Canada), and I hear her laugh at his jokes—hear them laugh together. This is the kind of marriage I have in mind while reading “The Vastness of the Dark”.
Because even though it’s the story of an eighteen-year-old boy who has decided to leave home—leave his parents and his many, younger siblings—it’s also about the realization that James is only one person, in a long line, who has made this decision.
He doesn’t have to travel far, to realize how this decision makes him the same—and different—from the other people he knows, to gain a more nuanced understanding of how we belong, to places and to people.
“I do not really know how to say good-bye as I have never before said it to anyone and, because I am uncertain, I wish to say it now to as few as possible.”
His goodbye feels like it’s all about the future, at first. But soon it’s more about the past. Through the course of ordinary events, seemingly contrasting ideas have a closer relationship than James would have guessed.
The kind of small, tightly-knit community he’s from—it’s filled with restrictions and possibilities. The kind of enduring battle between his grandfather and grandmother about coal mining demonstrates the industry as both a devastating and sustaining force for their family.
The man who picks him up on the side of the road—coarse and lewd—with his flashy car and Ontario license plates, stands in contrast with the boy’s own kin but also in contrast with the pair of miners travelling to look for work (and with the three Black men who stopped for him first).
James thinks and wonders, remembers and ponders: the power of this story rests inside of him. But the outer layers of the story reinforce the small and grand ideas that reside in this single decision, this single day, this single journey. In a passage like this one, readers see the connections and diversions: just a couple of sentences contain it all.
“All afternoon the road curves and winds ahead of us like a bucking, shimmering snake with a dirty white streak running down its back. We seem to ride its dips and bends like captive passengers on a roller coaster, leaning our bodies into the curves, and bracing our feet against the tension of the floorboards.”
There is wonder (the ‘bucking’, the ‘shimmering’, the ‘coaster’) and wildness (‘bucking’, ‘dirty’). And James responds to it all (‘leaning’, ‘bracing’). All of that makes a good story, but where this becomes a great story is beneath that shimmering snake, that sinuous line etched into the ground.
The Underneath
Not much of this story takes place underground, but the miners and the mining companies are ever-present. James opens the story sharply and directly, like a pick striking a single entry point, clearly stating the time and date in the past and pulling readers into that moment.
First, though, it’s simply a story about family. Soon, the fact that theirs is a mining family moves to the forefront of the story. The descriptions are specific and through, as James outlines the gear and the clothing worn underground by the men in his family (in much the same way as the fishers in “The Boat” were fully in and of that work).
Also hovering in the background of the story (mostly) is the broader sense of an industry, the companies that cut corners and cut the cheques for the men who worked in the mines. It’s in this context that another set of dichotomies—stories of rescues and losses —appears. These men work in the mines; they are also the ones who work to free other miners, when ceilings collapse.
These disasters are both small- and large-scale; they happen in the orbit of James’ family, they happen in mines everywhere. One of my favourite lines rests in the few coins a child had saved for small pleasures, redirected to the collections for family members left behind, following a cave-in: “Other people’s buried fathers are very strange and far away but licorice and movie matinees are very close and real.”
This kind of parallel structure (‘strange and far away’ and ‘licorice and movie matinees’ and ‘very close and real’) was evident in “The Boat” as well. In that context, it mimics the natural rhythm of the tides, which suits that story about a fisher family. Here, the same rhythm holds a different significance, but still alludes to powers greater than any single person.
In the broader sense, however, the idea of mining also works metaphorically. I think about Alistair MacLeod’s way of writing, deliberate and detailed, when I read this passage: “It was a very narrow little seam that we attacked, first with our drilling steels and bits, and then with our dynamite, and finally with our picks and shovels.” He employs a variety of tools to expose meaning and emotion in his stories.
The pick lands in the earth at a specific point when the story begins, but what follows, the work that unfolds, it all changes the way that readers define surface and beneath, present and past, thought and memory.
Similarly, this is a story about a specific father and son in Cape Breton, but it also seems to be about parents and children universally. Both the father in “The Boat” and the father in this story, for instance, have a reason to keep one foot on the ground, even while sleeping, like this: “His mouth is slightly open and there are little bubbles of saliva forming and breaking at its corners, and his left arm and perhaps even his left leg are hanging over the bed’s edge and resting upon the floor.” (Check out those spit bubbles: in and out, like tiny waves.)
In some ways, the fathers’ reasons are contrasting, in other ways, comparable. Underneath it all, the course of things takes the shape of a vein, whether a river of water or a seam of coal. Maybe one person, like James, is only “flotsam on yet another uninteresting river”. Maybe the take-away is something grander: “Their lives flowing into mine and mine from out of theirs.”
Maybe this is a story of a marriage. Maybe it’s a story of his marriage. What we know from the film, is that Alistair MacLeod’s writing day was something that happened before noon, with the rest of the day dedicated to family life. We don’t know if he wrote this story thinking of himself as the father, or as the son. But, after reading, we know that there is little difference, and an astonishing difference, between the two experiences of the world.
For the better part of two years, I am rereading Alistair MacLeod’s short stories, from start to stop, just as I’ve done with Alice Munro’s and Mavis Gallant’s short stories previously. If you love short stories or if you would like to be a short-story lover, several of these authors’ stories are among my favourites, and would make an excellent introduction to the finest of the form. If you have other favourite story writers, please feel free to contribute those to the conversation too.
[…] not join in for a story or two yourself? You can find details of the reading project, or get the Buried in Print take on The Vastness of the Dark. (Update: Naomi at Consumed by Ink also wrote an excellent […]
You’ve included some beautiful quotes here. I feel as though I need to take a trip to eastern Canada to fully grasp MacLeod’s writing. I don’t know why, I just feel like being in the regions he talks about would help me when I finally do have time for his writing.
Excuses, excuses: just read them! 🙂
I’ve just reviewed a short story (by Christos Tsiolkas) and really didn’t get past the surface elements – truck driving and Western Australia – with which I was familiar. It’s too late now for me to write an ‘Underneath’ but I need to, perhaps with the next episode of my Such is Life project (sorry all my references are Australian).
My own family background is in farming which you would think had a similar fierceness of people wedded to their calling (to coal miners that is, or for that matter fishermen), but from my grandparents’ generation to mine, we all just drifted away really, four out of five of my parents’ generation farmers, but only three out of twelve in mine, and maybe only one that I can think of amongst our many children.
It makes sense, though, that the elements of the story that seemed to hold more connection to your own experiences would stand out, more than the technique/structure type elements. There are also storytellers whose writing really doesn’t get me thinking about the underpinning of craft…I’m just reading along and taking it all in, whether or not the material feels familiar.
Maybe the connection to being settlers is also a factor, regardless of the question of industry. A connection to land and environment for our ancestors, even when we are occupying what is, for indigenous people, their homeland. But our ancestors had some relationship to land, and mostly we do not (you’re driving on top of it and I’m marching along on two feet). MacLeod brushes against questions of class very gently in this story (James is only 18 and just has a glimpse of the world beyond the Cape) but it plays more of a role in later stories, so that will be interesting.
Both you and Naomi have made this sound rather wonderful. Is it clear from the film that the photos are of MacLeod’s family, and, if so, if they inspired the stories?
Oh, yes, the photographs are their own family photographs (and many of his family members feature in the film, which culminates in a group scene). But, no, there is no suggestion in the film that the marriage in the story is based on his own (or that any other element of his own family life, other than his own clan being large and robust, crosses from his reality to his fiction). I think the only thing one could confidently observe as transferring directly is the love of and connection to Cape Breton. (Naomi, feel free to jump in…you’ve seen the film too, eh?)
That sounds about right to me!
I think the difference between James and his father and grandfather is that James is going to make it out. I also think that there’s more of the boy in Alistair MacLeod than the father. But I’m just guessing. Because I was thinking about that, too, while I read. It was interesting that the grandparents were so divided about staying vs. going. You’d think, after being in the mines his whole life, the grandfather wouldn’t wish it on anyone else.
When I wrote my post, I decided not to write any more after he left Cape Breton – partly because it would have required more thinking. But you (and Andrew) did a fine job of it. I did not like that guy who picked him up, and wanted to forget about him. But I was struck by two things in particular: 1) James imagining that those women could be his mother under other circumstances, and 2) his memories of his father and other men going to Springhill to help in the mining disasters there. I can picture so well everything he writes.
That’s my guess, too, but we aren’t given quite enough information in this story to feel like we know, eh? And maybe that’s the point, because James at 18 really doesn’t know either, so we are invited to stand alongside in that uncertainty. But there are other stories in the collection which hint that one can “make it out”. I also liked the point that Andrew made (I think on his post, but maybe yours?) about how the Ontario driver provided James with an idea what NOT to be, which suggests that he does make it to Ontario and opts for another way of being in the world.
Yes, you’d think, but I also think a lot of parents are afraid of the idea of their children learning and experiencing more/different things than they, as though it erodes their…what? authority? importance? and fear is a powerful force. There are so many ways one could write about this story and the home images are so powerful and the parents and grandparents so key (it’s amazing that in such a few paragraphs we care about those scenes). Part of me wanted to focus almost entirely on the mining (and bring in writers like Leo McKay Jr and Sheldon Currie and Carol Bruneau) and another part of me wanted to focus on the hitchhiking experience (which also appeals to my reading about people being between places, but addresses such interesting questions of regionalism in Canada).
That’s true – there are so many things one could talk about or focus on. It’s kind of amazing, really.
Hi Marcie, I decided to join your project for this story. I’m really enjoying reading MacLeod’s stories, and I loved reading your take on this story. Great point about the parallel between mining and writing, and I liked how you linked this story to The Boat as well. I also found it interesting how, from a single short story, we each found completely different things to talk about and different quotes to highlight. I think it shows how rich MacLeod’s writing is!
Yes, it does! And I think there could be a few other mostly different angles for discussion too. Mostly I feel like I’m deciding what not to discuss, because there are so many possibilities. I’m so pleased that you are enjoying his stories; with so few publications throughout his life, he’s a figure too-easy-to-overlook, but I think his writing is really remarkable. I loved the comment that Vanessa left on your post, too: wonderfully small bookish world. Walking through the ravine this morning, I was thinking more about the mining/fishing question and how those industries provided a kind of independence for those communities and provinces which has been lost (and related questions around sustainability), but also how that fits with James’ ideas about independence. Whether or not you decide to post on other stories, I hope you enjoy reading them.
Yes, that’s an interesing question about independence and sustainability. There are lots of old mining communities in Britain that suffered horribly when the pits closed. It was a terrible job, and of course it’s ecological madness, but the people who did it often felt a pride that’s been lost. I think maybe it’s about how the transition happened. Maybe if there had been some kind of plan for how those communities could develop new sources of employment, it would have helped. But in Britain, at least, they were just abandoned.
I’ve finished the rest of the stories now and loved them. I’d like to try his novel too—have you read that?
Yes, a certain pride, I imagine. Nova Scotia was one of four founding provinces in Canada, with one other Atlantic province (New Brunswick) and Ontario and Quebec, whereas the other Maritime provinces joined later (Prince Edward Island in 1873, because they struggled with debt over the railway, and Newfoundland/Labrador in 1949). BUT Nova Scotia was not behind their leader in that decision, with only 35% in favour of joining the confederation-it just got pushed through because he wasn’t seeking reelection later. Having economic options, even if they weren’t ideal, must have been of paramount importance, and the sense of being reliant on an unresponsive faraway leadership was understandably unpopular (especially if represented by the kind of guy driving that flashy car).
By now, I’ve answered this question elsewhere, but in case that was missed or in case anyone else is wondering, I have been “saving” the novel but plan to read it after this project, maybe as a farewell. There is also a single standalone short story, published in a commemorative volume, that I’ll probably reread as well. I’ll let you know when it’s coming closer, if you like.
These stories sound so good, judging by the quotes you’ve picked, Macleod ‘s writing is the kind that I really enjoy. The settings and the portraits of families and marriages remind me of so many writers I like.
I think they would strike a number of chords that resonate with you as a reader. And judging from Colm Toibin’s enthusiasm, you might actually find even more to connect with than with other Canadian writers (although, yes, I know Toibin is Irish, not English…but there are as many similarities as differences, I’d say, being of English and Irish descent myself, but perhaps not all would agree).